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Virtuozzo Hybrid Server 7 User's Guide

Version 7.5 — Apr 02, 2025
  • 1. Learning the Basics
    • 1.1. Virtuozzo Hybrid Server Overview
    • 1.2. Differences between Virtuozzo Hybrid Server and OpenVZ
    • 1.3. OS Virtualization Layer
    • 1.4. Hardware Virtualization Layer
    • 1.5. Virtuozzo Hybrid Server Configuration
    • 1.6. Resource Management
    • 1.7. Understanding Licensing
    • 1.8. Physical Server Availability Considerations
  • 2. Managing Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.1. Creating Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.2. Performing Initial Configuration of Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.3. Starting, Stopping, Restarting, and Querying Status of Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.4. Listing Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.5. Cloning Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.6. Suspending Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.7. Running Commands in Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.8. Deleting Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.9. Viewing Detailed Information about Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.10. Managing Virtual Machine and Container Backups
    • 2.11. Managing Templates
    • 2.12. Managing Snapshots
    • 2.13. Migrating Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 2.14. Performing Container-Specific Operations
    • 2.15. Performing Virtual Machine-Specific Operations
    • 2.16. Converting Third-Party Virtual Machines
    • 2.17. Converting Containers with almaconvert8
    • 2.18. Converting Containers to Virtual Machines with the c2v-convert Tool
  • 3. Managing Resources
    • 3.1. Managing CPU Resources
    • 3.2. Managing Disk Quotas
    • 3.3. Managing Virtual Disks
    • 3.4. Managing Network Accounting and Bandwidth
    • 3.5. Managing Disk I/O Parameters
    • 3.6. Managing Container Memory Parameters
    • 3.7. Managing Virtual Machine Memory Parameters
    • 3.8. Managing Container Resource Configuration
    • 3.9. Managing Virtual Machine Configuration Samples
    • 3.10. Monitoring Resources
  • 4. Managing Services and Processes
    • 4.1. What Are Services and Processes
    • 4.2. Main Operations on Services and Processes
    • 4.3. Managing Processes and Services
  • 5. Managing Network
    • 5.1. Managing Network Adapters on the Hardware Node
    • 5.2. Networking Modes in Virtuozzo Hybrid Server
    • 5.3. Configuring Virtual Machines and Containers in Host-Routed Mode
    • 5.4. Configuring Virtual Machines and Containers in Bridged Mode
  • 6. Managing Licenses
    • 6.1. Installing the License
    • 6.2. Updating the License
    • 6.3. Transferring the License to Another Server
    • 6.4. Viewing the License
  • 7. Keeping Your System Up To Date
    • 7.1. Updating Overview
    • 7.2. Using A Proxy Server to Install Updates
    • 7.3. Updating Automatically
    • 7.4. Updating Automatically with Smart Updates
    • 7.5. Updating Manually
    • 7.6. Updating Nodes in Virtuozzo Storage Clusters
    • 7.7. Updating the Kernel
    • 7.8. Updating the Kernel with ReadyKernel
    • 7.9. Updating Software in Virtual Machines
    • 7.10. Updating Containers
    • 7.11. Downgrading to Older Versions
  • 8. Managing High Availability Clusters
    • 8.1. Prerequisites for High Availability
    • 8.2. Enabling and Disabling High Availability for Nodes
    • 8.3. Configuring Resource Relocation Modes
    • 8.4. Configuring Resource Relocation Modes for Nodes Participating in S3 or iSCSI Export
    • 8.5. Configuring HA Priority for Virtual Machines and Containers
    • 8.6. Managing CPU Pools
    • 8.7. Monitoring Cluster Status
    • 8.8. Managing Cluster Resources with Scripts
    • 8.9. Troubleshooting Shaman Resources
  • 9. Hardening Virtuozzo Hybrid Server
    • 9.1. Update Policy
    • 9.2. Audit Policy
    • 9.3. Mount Policy
    • 9.4. Service Policy
    • 9.5. Account Policy
    • 9.6. Networking Policy
  • 10. Monitoring
    • 10.1. Monitoring System Objects via SNMP
    • 10.2. Monitoring Nodes and Virtual Environments via Prometheus
    • 10.3. Monitoring Nodes and Virtual Environments via Zabbix
  • 11. Customer Experience Program
    • 11.1. Participating in Customer Experience Program
  • 12. Advanced Tasks
    • 12.1. Configuring Automatic Memory Management Policies
    • 12.2. Managing Dynamic Mitigation of Intel CPU Vulnerabilities
    • 12.3. Creating Customized Containers
    • 12.4. Installing Applications to Containers from EZ Templates
    • 12.5. Migrating PowerPanel Container from CentOS 7 to VzLinux 7
    • 12.6. Creating Virtual Environments with virt-install
    • 12.7. Setting Up Docker and Kubernetes in Virtuozzo Containers
    • 12.8. Managing Container Virtual Hard Disk Encryption
    • 12.9. Connecting to Virtual Machines and Containers via VNC
    • 12.10. Managing iptables Modules
    • 12.11. Using SCTP in Containers and Virtual Machines
    • 12.12. Creating Configuration Files for New Linux Distributions
    • 12.13. Aligning Disks and Partitions in Virtual Machines
    • 12.14. Uninstalling Virtuozzo Guest Tools from Virtual Machines
    • 12.15. Enabling Legacy VM Debug Mode
    • 12.16. Installing Optional Packages
    • 12.17. Enabling Nested Virtualization in Virtual Machines
    • 12.18. Changing Server-wide Backup Configuration
    • 12.19. Customizing the Message of the Day (MOTD)
    • 12.20. Setting Up RSA Authentication Between Nodes
    • 12.21. Switching Ploop I/O Engines
    • 12.22. Managing Windows Containers
  • 13. Troubleshooting
    • 13.1. General Considerations
    • 13.2. Kernel Troubleshooting
    • 13.3. Container Management Issues
    • 13.4. Getting Technical Support
  • Virtuozzo Hybrid Server 7 User's GuidePDF, 1294 KB
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13. Troubleshooting¶

This chapter provides the information about problems that may occur during your work with Virtuozzo Hybrid Server and suggests the ways to solve them.

In this chapter:

  • 13.1. General Considerations
  • 13.2. Kernel Troubleshooting
    • 13.2.1. Using ALT+SYSRQ Keyboard Sequences
    • 13.2.2. Saving Kernel Faults (OOPS)
    • 13.2.3. Finding a Kernel Function That Caused the D Process State
  • 13.3. Container Management Issues
    • 13.3.1. Failure to Start a Container
    • 13.3.2. Failure to Access a Container from Network
    • 13.3.3. Failure to Log In to a Container
  • 13.4. Getting Technical Support
Version 7.5 — Apr 02, 2025
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